History

Jainism is an ancient religion that was founded in India - Jains believe that their religion has always existed in the world.  It does not have one single founder, but rather a series of teachers over the centuries (known as "tirthankara") who are regarded in the same light as prophets in other religions.  The most recent tirthankara is Mahavira, who was a contemporary of Buddha, and outside the faith he is wrongly thought to be the founder of Jainism.  In fact, Mahavira is responsible for giving Jainism its modern-day form and for introducing the principle of chastity to the tenets of the faith.

There are two main sects of Jainism - the Digambara (meaning Sky Clad) and the Sveyambara (meaning White Clad). Both sects agree on the basic principles of Jainism but disagree on some points of doctrine, such as the sprirtual role of women, the details of the life of Mahavira, and aspects of the scripture. In general the Digambara sect are more austere, but the differences really only affect the clergy and the very pious.

There are thought to be fewer than seven million Jains in the world, but in the UK, they are the seventh largest faith in terms of active members, with religious centres in Leicester and London. The only consecrated UK Jain temple is in Leicester, and the Jains in the UK are thought to have originally been immigrants from East Africa, where there is a sizeable Jain community.

Beliefs

Jains believe that the Universe is eternal and had no specific date of beginning, an dthey do not believe in a single creator God or spirit.

Rather than a single God, Jains have spritual guides, known as Jinas.

Jains belief that physical life is temporary, but that spiritual life is permanent and consequently believe in reincarnation.

Like Buddhists and Hindus, Jains believe in Karma.

Non-violence is a central part of the faith, and Jains are vegetarians - they believe that all animlas and plants have living souls.

Jainism has three central tenets, known as the Three Jewels.  These are Right Belief, Right Knowledge and Right Conduct.  In a nutshell, these seek to help Jains see the Universe clearly, acquire accurate knowledge and act ethically according to their faith.

Renunciation is important to the Jain faith, with fasting and pilgrimage playing central roles in following the Three Jewels.

Jain worship takes the form of meditation on the scripture, rather than a personal exchange with the sprirual guides or tirthankara.

Jainism has no priests, but does have monks and nuns, who lead extremely ascetic lives.

Locally

Jain Samaj Manchester
Jain Community Centre
667/669 Stockport Road
Longsight
Manchester
M12 4QE

Links

A conprehensive guide to Jainism is available at http://www.jainnet.com